What are aggregation operations in MongoDB?

MongoDB aggregation operations act on groups of values from multiple documents, perform operations on the grouped values and return a single computed result.

What are the different ways to perform aggregations in MongoDB?

MongoDB provides three ways to perform aggregations.

Aggregation pipeline – MongoDB provides aggregation framework that follows the concept of data processing pipeline. The pipeline includes multiple stages that transform the document into an aggregated result.

Map-reduce operation – MondoDB provides map-reduce operations to perform aggregation. Map-reduce operations have two phases, a map phase that processes each document and emits one or more objects and a reduce stage that combine the output of the map operation.

Single purpose aggregation methods – MongoDB provides operations such as db.collections.distinct() and db.collections.count() that aggregate documents from a collection.